What is the study of diseases and disorders of the eyes? In a nutshell, it is the branch of medicine that focuses on eye health. Some of the fields within the field of ophthalmology are Ocular inflammatory diseases, Glaucoma, Macular degeneration, and glaucoma. You can learn more about ophthalmology in this article. But before you go into the subject, it’s important to learn more about ophthalmology.
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the eyes and eye socket. Ophthalmologists may be referred to if a patient experiences pain or discomfort in the eyes. Ophthalmologists are considered medical specialists, but they also perform surgical procedures. In fact, they are the only doctors who are trained to treat eye disorders.
Ocular inflammatory diseases
Ocular inflammatory diseases (OIDs) are defined as a variety of conditions involving inflammation. These diseases include keratitis, conjunctivitis, and uveitis. Although the underlying causes of these conditions are often not immune-related, chronic inflammation plays a critical role in their initiation, progression, and outcome. Here we discuss some of the most common OIDs and discuss the importance of identifying the factors that may contribute to these conditions.
Glaucoma
In addition to being associated with elevated intraocular pressure, glaucoma is a group of diseases and disorders of the eye. The progression of this eye condition results in damage to the optic nerve, which is the nerve that sends images from the eye to the brain. When the drainage channels in the eye, called the trabecular meshwork, become clogged, intraocular pressure increases. This causes damage to the optic nerve, which ultimately results in loss of vision.
Macular degeneration
There are two types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Dry macular degeneration is the most common form and accounts for up to 90% of cases of advanced AMD. Wet macular degeneration occurs when abnormal blood vessels develop under the retina. These blood vessels leak fluid or blood and cause a bulge in the macula, causing the central area of vision to become blind.
Herpes zoster
Herpes zoster is an inflammatory virus that causes a variety of conditions, including diseases and disorders of the eye. Herpes zoster dendrites are gray-white epithelial cells that are raised and migratory. They are culture-negative and stain poorly with fluorescein. They are found in the eye and produce a foreign-body sensation.
Diabetic retinopathy
A major government study has uncovered many treatment options for diabetic retinopathy. These options include laser treatments, intravitreal injections, and vitreous and retina surgery. Intravitreal injections are small injections into the middle cavity of the eye. In some cases, they can be performed in the office or in a hospital setting. Some of these treatments are available to patients who are not yet at a high enough blood sugar level to require surgery.
Retinal detachment
In the early stages, the patient should be examined to determine if the retina has detached. Generally, the patient will be asked about the symptoms they are experiencing and any past detachments or tears. The patient should also be asked about ocular procedures that were performed on them. Other information that is useful in a proper workup includes family history and any diagnoses of ocular diseases.
Epiretinal membrane
While the vast majority of patients with ERMs do not experience any symptoms, the most common symptoms are vision impairment and loss of central vision. Other symptoms include blurred vision and decreased visual acuity. The extent of these symptoms varies greatly depending on the size and location of the ERM. To diagnose and treat ERM, an ophthalmologist must conduct a thorough dilated eye exam and order a retinal scan (OCT) test.
